The difference between the observed values of a variable and the ...

[kodithompson]

The difference between the observed values of a variable and the long-run average of the observed values in repetitions of the measurement is (the):
 a. nonresponse error.
  b. nonsampling error.
  c. sampling error.
  d. noncoverage error.
  e. office error.

Question 2

Compare and contrast probability and nonprobability sampling.

[Kingjoffery]

Answer to Question 1

C

Answer to Question 2

In a probability sample, each member of the target population has a known, nonzero chance of being included in the sample. The chances of each member of the target population being included in the sample may not be equal, but everyone has a known probability of inclusion. With nonprobability samples, on the other hand, there is no way of estimating the probability that any population element will be included in the sample. Thus, there is no way of ensuring that the sample is representative of the target population. All nonprobability samples rely on personal judgment at some point in the sample-selection process.