Pnull is defined as _________.
a. the probability of getting a plus with any subject in the sample of the experiment when the independent variable has no effect in the direction predicted by a directional H1
b. the probability of getting a plus with any subject in the sample of the experiment when the independent variable has a real effect
c. the probability of getting a plus with any subject in the sample of the experiment when the independent variable has an effect in the direction predicted by a directional H1
d. the probability of getting a plus with any subject in the sample of the experiment when the independent variable has no effect.
Question 2
A real effect of the independent variable is defined as _________.
a. all possible effects including no change in the dependent variable
b. any effect that produces a change in the dependent variable
c. an effect that produces an increase in the value of the dependent variable
d. an effect showing no change in the dependent variable
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