Answer to Question 1
If U.S. official reserves increase, the official settlements account balance is negative.
Answer to Question 2
M1 is the sum of currency held by individuals and businesses plus checkable deposits owned by individuals and businesses plus traveler's checks. All the assets in M1 are accepted as means of payment and so all the assets are money. M2 includes all of M1 plus savings deposits, small time deposits, and money market funds. Some components of M2, such as time deposits, are not money because they are not a means of payment. But they are easily convertible into money, which is why they are included in M2.