A real cost of tariffs and quotas that is difficult to measure is ...

[ahriuashd]

A real cost of tariffs and quotas that is difficult to measure is that they
 
  A) encourage rent seeking.
  B) shift income from consumers to producers.
  C) limit the quantity of imports.
  D) reduce wages.

Question 2

Describe China's reform path, including the forces that started China's reform efforts and how they continued through the 1980s and early 1990s.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[succesfull]

Answer to Question 1

A

Answer to Question 2

A long period of instability and disappointment with the economic results achieved under communism led to reform to create more wealth to distribute; it has been a gradual, steady dismantling of the controls exercised by the state and party over the economy. The first reforms were in agriculture, allowing more individual ownership and control over plots of land. Trade was gradually opened through special economic zones. Eventually other regions pushed for similar policies. China applied to join the WTO in 1986 and joined after a protracted period of negotiations which probably kept economic reforms moving forward.