Answer to Question 1
People engaging in collective behavior may be divided into crowds and masses. A crowd is a relatively large number of people who are in one another's immediate vicinity. Examples of crowds include the audience in a movie theater or people at a pep rally for a sporting event. By contrast, a mass is a number of people who share an interest in a specific idea or issue but who are not in one another's immediate vicinity. An example is the popularity of blogging on the Internet. A blog, short for Web log, is an online journal maintained by an individual who frequently records entries that are maintained in a chronological order. Collective behavior may also be distinguished by the dominant emotion expressed. According to sociologist John Lofland, the dominant emotion refers to the publicly expressed feeling perceived by participants and observers as the most prominent in an episode of collective behavior. He suggests that fear, hostility, and joy are three fundamental emotions found in collective behavior; however, grief, disgust, surprise, or shame may also predominate in some forms of collective behavior.
Answer to Question 2
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