Answer to Question 1
Gender refers to the culturally and socially constructed differences between females
and males found in the meanings, beliefs, and practices associated with femininity
and masculinity.. According to sociologists, social and cultural processes, not
biological givens, are the most important factors in defining what females and males
are, what they should do, and what sorts of relations do or should exist between them.
Virtually everything social in our lives is gendered. A microlevel analysis of gender
focuses on how individuals learn gender roles and acquire a gender identity. Gender
role refers to the attitudes, behavior, and activities that are socially defined as
appropriate for each sex and are learned through the socialization process. Gender
identity is a person's perception of the self as female or male. Typically established
between eighteen months and three years of age, gender identity is a powerful aspect
of our self-concept. Although this identity is an individual perception, it is developed
through interaction with others. As a result, most people form a gender identity that
matches their biological sex. Body consciousness is how a person perceives and feels
about his or her body it also includes an awareness of social conditions in society that
contribute to this self-knowledge.
Answer to Question 2
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