Author Question: Facial expressions, especially smiles, reflect gender-based patterns of dominance and subordination ... (Read 29 times)

jazziefee · **on:** Jul 2, 2018

Facial expressions, especially smiles, reflect gender-based patterns of dominance and subordination in society.

a. True
b. False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Question 2

Distinguish between patriarchal, matriarchal, and egalitarian families.

What will be an ideal response?

Chou · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 2, 2018

Answer to Question 1

True

Answer to Question 2

The most prevalent forms of familial power and authority are patriarchy, matriarchy, and egalitarianism. A patriarchal family is a family structure in which authority is held by the eldest male (usually the father). The male authority figure acts as head of the household and holds power and authority over the women and children, as well as over other males. A matriarchal family is a family structure in which authority is held by the eldest female (usually the mother). In this case, the female authority figure acts as head of the household. Although there has been a great deal of discussion about matriarchal families, scholars have found no historical evidence to indicate that true matriarchies ever existed. The most prevalent pattern of power and authority in families is patriarchy. Across cultures, men are the primary (and often sole) decision makers regarding domestic, economic, and social concerns facing the family. The existence of patriarchy may give men a sense of power over their own lives, but it also can create an atmosphere in which some men feel greater freedom to abuse women and children.

An egalitarian family is a family structure in which both partners share power and authority equally. Recently, a trend toward more- egalitarian relationships has been evident in a number of countries as women have sought changes in their legal status and increased educational and employment opportunities. Some degree of economic independence makes it possible for women to delay marriage or to terminate a problematic marriage.