Answer to Question 1
The following are suggested areas for students to address in their essays: Describe the setting of the Hawthorne experiment.
Identify the purpose of the Hawthorne experiment. Define the Hawthorne Effect.
Discuss the results of the Hawthorne experiment.
Encourage students to include any personal experiences regarding the Hawthorne Effect.
Answer to Question 2
A status is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain
expectations, rights, and duties. Statuses exist independently of the specific people
occupying them. An ascribed status is a social position conferred at birth or received
involuntarily later in life, based on attributes over which the individual has little or no
control, such as race/ethnicity, age, and gender. An achieved status is a social position
that a person assumes voluntarily as a result of personal choice, merit, or direct effort.
Achieved statuses (such as occupation, education, and income) are thought to be
gained as a result of personal ability or successful competition. Most occupational
positions in modern societies are achieved statuses. Ascribed statuses have a
significant influence on the achieved statuses we occupy. A master status is the most
important status that person occupies, dominating all the person's other statuses.
Occupation is an example of a master status.
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The monastery garden where Mendel carried out his experiments on plant genetics.