Bertha becomes conditioned to cry every time she sees an onion chopper because she associates it with cutting onions, which always make her eyes water. For weeks, the onion cutter sits on the counter with no onions. Eventually, she never cries when she sees the cutter. Then the onion cutter disappears for two months, and when Bertha sees it again for the first time, she begins to cry. This response is known as ____.
a. positive reinforcement
b. negative reinforcement
c. spontaneous recovery
d. reconditioning
Question 2
Dr. Evil presents the sound of a buzzer to his pet rabbit, and he follows it with the delivery of a small electric shock. After repeated pairings of the buzzer and shock, the rabbit learns to fear the sound of buzzers. Dr. Evil then proceeds to extinguish the rabbits fear of buzzers. Now suppose that, after extinction, Dr. Evil decides to present the buzzer and shock to the rabbit once again. After only a few pairings, the rabbit will demonstrate ____ and fear the buzzer again.
a. stimulus generalization
b. spontaneous recovery
c. stimulus discrimination
d. reconditioning
Tracking time of marker entry generates a chromosome map
Earth’s history is divided into nested sets of time--eons, eras, periods, and epochs--and is called
Time course of HIV infection.
Example of simplified note for one-time client.
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