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An identified risk factor for osteoporosis is the intake of excessive amounts of vitamin A. Dietary intake of approximately double the recommended daily amount of vitamin A, by women, has been shown to reduce bone mineral density and increase the chances for hip fractures compared with women who consumed the recommended daily amount (or less) of vitamin A.
Russia has the highest death rate from cardiovascular disease followed by the Ukraine, Romania, Hungary, and Poland.
Ether was used widely for surgeries but became less popular because of its flammability and its tendency to cause vomiting. In England, it was quickly replaced by chloroform, but this agent caused many deaths and lost popularity.
For high blood pressure (hypertension), a new class of drug, called a vasopeptidase blocker (inhibitor), has been developed. It decreases blood pressure by simultaneously dilating the peripheral arteries and increasing the body's loss of salt.
Cucumber slices relieve headaches by tightening blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the area, and relieving pressure.
![A pedigree for an X-linked dominant trait. Affected males produce all affected daughters and no affe](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/44/medium_6_25_01_22_7_04_31_441522116.jpeg)
![A common autosomal recessive allele can produce a pedigree that looks like an autosomal dominant tra](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/44/medium_6_25_01_22_7_07_11_44165464.jpeg)