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Intradermal injections are somewhat difficult to correctly administer because the skin layers are so thin that it is easy to accidentally punch through to the deeper subcutaneous layer.
Walt Disney helped combat malaria by making an animated film in 1943 called The Winged Scourge. This short film starred the seven dwarfs and taught children that mosquitos transmit malaria, which is a very bad disease. It advocated the killing of mosquitos to stop the disease.
Cocaine was isolated in 1860 and first used as a local anesthetic in 1884. Its first clinical use was by Sigmund Freud to wean a patient from morphine addiction. The fictional character Sherlock Holmes was supposed to be addicted to cocaine by injection.
Patients who cannot swallow may receive nutrition via a parenteral route—usually, a catheter is inserted through the chest into a large vein going into the heart.
The average older adult in the United States takes five prescription drugs per day. Half of these drugs contain a sedative. Alcohol should therefore be avoided by most senior citizens because of the dangerous interactions between alcohol and sedatives.
![(a) With few ticks, moose retain a brown coat; (b) at high numbers of ticks, moose self-groom, destr](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_33_17_02_12_5_38_22_1978811.jpeg)
![A Dorsal view of a scan of the hand phalange of a child from Denisova that yielded mtDNA that differ](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_273287_22_02_15_10_29_18_20802442.jpeg)