Answer to Question 1
TRUE
Answer to Question 2
Taylor's philosophy of management included four principles, which he applied not only to companies but, in theory, to society as a whole:
1. Develop a science for each element of each individual's work. The scientific knowledge gained from analysis and time study should replace the old rule of thumb method. Every worker, including managers, must surrender to the findings of science.
2. Scientifically select, train, and develop each worker. Workers should be carefully selected for tasks they are best suited for. For example, menial tasks involving heavy physical labor are best suited for individuals who have physical strength and stamina. Such individuals, when performing at the highest possible level, should be considered first-class workers, but they should not be relied on for great ideas on how to improve productivity.
3. Managers should cooperate with the workers to ensure that all work is done in accordance with the principles of the science that has been developed.
4. Divide work and responsibility fairly between management and workers. Management's role is to scientifically analyze and set the production quotas for workers. Workers must accept these quotas and commit to vigorous labor.