Answer to Question 1
Answer: B
Answer to Question 2
Answer: A high-performance work system is a set of human resource management policies and practices that promote organizational effectiveness. A high-performance work system is what managers now expect from the HR system. It means that the HR system is designed to maximize the overall quality of human capital throughout the organization. Based on ongoing research, firms that use HPWS practices perform at a significantly higher level than those that do not. Strategic human resource management is significant to a high-performance work system. Strategic human resource management refers to formulating and executing human resource policies and practices that produce the employee competencies and behaviors the company needs to achieve its strategic aims and to maximize its human resources. In formulating human resource management policies and activities, the manager's aim must be to produce the employee skills and behaviors that the company needs to achieve its strategic aims. For HPWSs, that most likely means implementing policies and practices regarding selection tests, training, merit increases, and incentive pay.
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The main avenue to the upward social mobility reviewed in the text has been higher education.
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