Answer to Question 1
b
Answer to Question 2
There are several options when a firm expects a business slowdown to be temporary. If slowdowns are cyclical or happen frequently, using temporary or contingent workers can help buffer key permanent workers and provide them greater employment security. Temporary layoffs are another option to deal with a short-term employee surplus, but they sometimes need to last more than six months to be cost-effective due to severance costs, greater unemployment insurance premiums the firms must pay, temporary productivity declines in the firm's remaining workforce, and the rehiring and retraining process. Losing the investments the organization previously made to hire and train the laid off workers can also be costly. Alternatives to layoffs include across-the-board salary cuts or a reduction in work hours, or reallocating workers to expanding areas of the business. Some firms offer unpaid vacations, sabbaticals, job sharing, and other creative solutions to temporary surpluses.
Ivory traders, c. 1912
The five rights of delegation
In 2009, historian Woody Holton described how Abigail Adams shrewdly invested in the Continental Con
Booker T. Washington in his office at Tuskegee Institute, 1900. Washington chose a policy of accommo
Protection of the Spinal Cord
Applying the bill of rights to the states