Answer to Question 1
Ans: B
Outbreak refers to the unexpected occurrence of an infectious disease in a limited geographic area during a limited period of time. Identification of the occurrence of new cases in a population is referred to as incidence. Pandemic defines the steady occurrence of disease over a large geographic area or worldwide. Epidemic refers to the unexpected increase of an infectious disease in a geographic area over an extended period of time.
Answer to Question 2
Ans: B
Direct transmission is person-to-person transmission. Indirect transmission implies a vehicle of transmission, such as a biologic or mechanical vector, which can be an animal, insect or arthropod, common vehicle or fomite, which can be any inanimate object, material, or substance that acts as a transport agent for the microbe.