Answer to Question 1
ANS: C
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A No results were described in the passage.
B Although methods are implied, the passage does not include the specific methodology.
C The statements describe the aims or goals that the investigator hoped to achieve with the research and thus reflect the purpose of the study.
D The passage does not state the hypothesis of the study.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: C
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A The statement is not a null hypothesis because a null hypothesis specifies no relationship.
B The statement is a directional hypothesis, not a nondirectional hypothesis.
C Because a positive relationship is specified, the hypothesis is directional.
D Because the statement indicates a relationship between variables, the hypothesis indicates an association, rather than a cause-and-effect relationship, between variables.