Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
Quasi-experimental and experimental designs examine causality. Quasi-experimental study designs were developed to provide alternative means of examining causality in situations not conducive to experimental controls.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B
The intent of the study is to examine the effect of an intervention; thus, only quasi-experimental or experimental designs are appropriate. Quasi-experimental and experimental designs examine causality. The power of the design to accomplish this purpose depends on the extent to which the actual effects of the experimental treatment (the independent variable) can be detected by measuring the dependent variable. Because data collection will not occur simultaneously in both groups, the study cannot use random assignment to group, which means that it is quasi-experimental, not experimental. The posttest-only design with comparison group is the specific study design here. With a posttest-only design with comparison group, selection threat is a problem. The lack of a pretest would ordinarily be a serious impediment to defining change, but because very few subjects will know the timeline for receipt of biopsy results, this objection is of little concern.
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