A researcher is applying for a grant renewal on the subject of a ...

[nautica902]

A researcher is applying for a grant renewal on the subject of a promising new treatment for liver cancer. His research group has used the treatment for 13 subjects.
 
  The results9 responded and 4 did notare not statistically significant. However, if the researcher entered each patient as three different people and reported the results as 27 responded and 12 did not, the results would be statistically significant. If he chose to do this, what would it represent?
  a. Beneficence
  b. Fabrication
  c. Falsification
  d. Plagiarism

Question 2

A master's student knows next to nothing about Maslow's theory related to hierarchy of needs but, on her advisor's recommendation, decides to use it as a theoretical framework for her thesis.
 
  The student goes to the library and accesses an old master's thesis that also uses the theory and copies three pages, word for word. She uses the other student's reference to Maslow's work. This is an example of which of the following?
  a. Nonmaleficence
  b. Fabrication
  c. Falsification
  d. Plagiarism

[C.mcnichol98]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Fabrication in research is the making up of results and recording or reporting them. Falsification of research is manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record. Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit, including those obtained through confidential review of others' research proposals and manuscripts. The principle of beneficence requires the researcher to do good and above all, do no harm.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit, including those obtained through confidential review of others' research proposals and manuscripts. Fabrication in research is the making up of results and recording or reporting them. Falsification of research is manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record. The principle of beneficence requires the researcher to do good and above all, do no harm.