A statistically significant finding means that: a. findings ...

[Kikoku]

A statistically significant finding means that:
 
  a. findings are clinically important and valuable.
  b. interventions should be used in clinical practice.
  c. obtained results are not likely to have been due to chance.
  d. results will be the same if the study is repeated with another sample.

Question 2

A researcher reports that results of a study were not statistically significant. How is this to be interpreted?
 
  a. Intervention was not strong enough to make a difference.
  b. Researcher does not have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
  c. Researcher's logic or conceptualization in setting up the study was faulty.
  d. Topic is of no further interest to nurse researchers or clinicians.

[chloejackso]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Statistical significance indicates the likelihood that results of a statistical analysis are real and not a result of chance. The calculated probability from the statistical analysis is compared with alpha to determine whether findings are statistically (mathematically) significant or not.
Statistical significance does not necessarily mean clinically significant. Statistical significance indicates the likelihood that results of a statistical analysis are real and not a result of chance.
Clinicians must evaluate findings for relevance to their own practice.
There is no guarantee that results will be the same from one study to the next, especially if it is early in the exploration of the topic.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
If the results of the study are not statistically significant, the researcher was unable to show there was a mathematical difference between the groups. The null hypothesis, which states there is no difference between groups, would therefore be supported. The null hypothesis cannot be rejected in this case.
Although it may be true that the intervention was not strong enough to make a difference, it does not relate to the statistical significance.
It may be true that the researcher's logic or conceptualization in setting up the study was faulty, but cannot be read into the statement regarding statistical significance.
The topic may still be a very worthwhile area of study. The lack of statistically significant results does not mean that the topic is not a clinically significant topic.

[Kikoku]

TY

[chloejackso]

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