Answer to Question 1
An ideal response would be:
National supremacy is a constitutional doctrine, which states that whenever conflict occurs between the constitutionally authorized actions of the national government and those of a state or local government, the actions of the national government prevail.
Answer to Question 2
An ideal answer will elaborate on the following issues:
People want more services but at the same time would like to see their taxes cut.
Intense political divisions over new immigrants exist in many communities.
Much of the nation's infrastructure needs to be repaired or rebuilt.
The costs of corrections and prisons have skyrocketed in recent years, driven by the rapid growth of prison populations as well as the costs of caring for an aging population of prisoners.
Poverty in the inner cities persists.
Education needs improvement.
Environmental regulation, land use, and recycling remain major challenges at the local level.
Health care costs and delivery are challenges to all levels of government.
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