Author Question: The nurse teaches an older adult who has diabetes mellitus and takes metoprolol (Lopressor) to ... (Read 97 times)

ENagel · **on:** Jul 11, 2018

The nurse teaches an older adult who has diabetes mellitus and takes metoprolol (Lopressor) to recognize clinical indicators of hypoglycemia.

Which clinical indicators of hypoglycemia does the nurse include in patient teaching as the indicators this man is most likely to detect? (Select all that apply.) a. Shaking
b. Dizziness
c. Weakness
d. Diaphoresis
e. Tachycardia
f. Impaired vision

Question 2

Which is a healthy practice recommended for a person at risk for osteoporosis?

a. Milk and orange juice at breakfast; cheese pizza at lunch; spaghetti served with spinach covered with melted cheese for dinner; and ice cream for dessert
b. Long-term estrogen administration as adjunct therapy
c. Alendronate (Fosamax) taken with a snack just before bedtime
d. Coffee, raisin bran and milk, and sausage at breakfast; a can of cola and a hot dog on a high-fiber bun at lunch; cocktails before dinner; steak with brown rice, ce-lery, and red wine for dinner

Eazy416 · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 11, 2018

Answer to Question 1

B, C, F
Dizziness is a clinical indicator of moderate hypoglycemia. It is unlikely to be masked by the effects of metoprolol, a beta-adrenergic blocker, because beta-blockers effectively mask the early signs of hypoglycemia. Weakness is a clinical indicator of moderate hypoglycemia and is unlikely to be masked by the effects of metoprolol. Impaired vision is a clinical indicator of moderate hypoglycemia and is unlikely to be masked by the effects of metoprolol. Shaking is an early clinical indicator of hypoglycemia and likely to be masked by the action of a beta-adrenergic blocker such as metoprolol; beta-blockers oppose the surge of epinephrine in early hypoglycemia. Diaphoresis is an early clinical indicator of hypoglycemia, and it is likely to be masked by the action of a beta-adrenergic blocker such as metoprolol. Increased heart rate is an early clinical indicator of hypoglycemia and is likely to be masked by the action of a beta-adrenergic blocker such as metoprolol.

Answer to Question 2

A

Feedback
A Correct. These foods in these quantities supply 1204 mg of calcium.
B Incorrect. Administering estrogen can increase the risk of cancer and heart dis-ease.
C Incorrect. Alendronate (Fosamax) must be taken on an empty stomach after awakening with a full glass of water. Afterward, the patient must sit upright and refrain from eating or drinking for 30 minutes.
D Incorrect. Alcohol and high amounts of protein and salt inhibit calcium uptake, whereas caffeine, excess fiber, and phosphorus (in the cola) promote calcium excretion.