Osteoarthritis of the cervical and lumbar spine causes pain that is related to all of the following except
A. Bone spur formation
B. Pressure of the ligaments
C. Reactive muscle spasm
D. Crystal deposition
Question 2
Mrs. L. Billings is a 77-year-old Caucasian female who has a history of breast cancer. She has been in remission for 6 years.
As her primary care provider, you are seeing her for follow-up of her recent complaint of intermittent abdominal pain of a 3-month duration and some general malaise. Given the brief history above, what will you direct your assessment at during physical examination?
A. Examination of her thyroid to rule out thyroid nodules that may contribute to her feeling fatigued.
B. Auscultation of her abdomen for abnormal bowel sounds to rule out peritonitis.
C. Thorough abdominal and gynecological exam to rule out masses and identify any tenderness.
D. A rectal examination to rule out colon cancer as a secondary site for breast cancer.
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