Which one of the following statements most accurately describes Vygotsky's view of how cognitive development occurs?
a. Children's cognitive growth should be judged on the basis of their actual developmental level, not on the basis of their level of potential development.
b. Cognitive development progresses through four distinct stages; each stage is characterized by increasingly complex thought and language.
c. Children develop, in part, by working on challenging tasks with the assistance of more competent individuals.
d. Language and thought, although closely intertwined in the first few years of life, become increasingly distinct entities over time.
Question 2
Which one of the following is the best example of a mediated learning experience?
a. Ms. O'Brien insists that students sit quietly at their desks before she dismisses them for lunch.
b. Mr. James reflects on the lesson he taught earlier in the day. I suspect that most of my students still don't understand the concepts I was trying to teach them, he thinks.
c. Mr. Lucas asks his students to read Chapter 5 in their textbooks over the weekend. You'll find that the chapter is more challenging than previous ones, he says.
d. As Ms. Robinson takes a group of children hiking, she gathers leaves from maple, oak, and elm trees and points out the ways in which the leaves from the trees are distinctly different.
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