Answer to Question 1
ANSWER: Nor'easters are extratropical cyclones that strike the northeastern parts of the United States. Named for the direction from which their winds come, nor'easters bring heavy rain and often heavy snowfall. They are most common from October through April, especially February (rather than late summer for hurricanes). They build at fronts where the horizontal temperature gradient is large and the air is unstable. They lack distinct, calm eyes and are not circular in form but can spread over much of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada. They are cold-core systems that do not lose energy with height. If jet stream winds move an air mass away from the center of a storm, this drops surface pressure and increases storm strength. Damage is concentrated along the coast, whereas much of the damage from hurricanes occurs farther inland. With strong winds from the northeast, they typically batter northeast-facing shorelines.
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER: Wind damage is often ten times as great as flooding. Wind damage causes penetration of the structure (for example, through windows, doors, and roof), so walls can be blown out and rain can penetrate to cause damage. Wind velocity has a major effect on wave height. Wind can also wreck weak buildings and blow down trees, power lines, and signs. It can fan fires and destroy crops; blow in windows, doors, and walls; and lift the roofs off houses. Wind damage is greatly magnified by flying debris. Significant harm also results from rain entering a wind-damaged structure.
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