Answer to Question 1
B
Answer to Question 2
In the simplest terms, biodiversity is the variation of life on Earth. It encompasses species diversity (and different measurements thereof), genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity. In short, biodiversity arises as a result of evolution. The importance of biodiversity cannot be understated. The overall health of an ecosystem often depends on biodiversity. We are learning more and more, for instance, about tropic cascades and how diminished species diversity has effects well beyond the individual species lost. Moreover, sustainability, itself, depends on biodiversity.
