Answer to Question 1
Answer: An ice nucleus must have a six-sided structure that mimics the alignment of molecules in an ice crystal. A material's ability to act as an ice nucleus is temperature dependent, and no materials are effective ice nuclei at temperatures above -4 C. Among the materials that serve as ice nuclei are components of natural soils called clays.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Precipitation fog results from the evaporation of falling raindrops. Steam fogs occur when cold, dry air mixes with warm, moist air above a water surface. Radiation fogs (sometimes called ground fogs) develop when the nighttime loss of longwave radiation causes cooling to the dew point. Advection fogs form when relatively warm, moist air moves horizontally over a cooler surface.