What concept describes the situation when a stimulus related to the conditioned stimulus elicits the conditioned response all by itself?
a. Extinction
b. Reinforcement
c. Discrimination
d. Generalization
Question 2
John, a White student, and Dario, a Hispanic student in Mrs. Stevens fifth-grade class, both do high-quality schoolwork. John, in fact, is a model student. He follows directions, his work is extremely neat, and he is never a management problem. Dario, although a bit sloppy in some of his homework, has a great imagination, and often offers a perspective that the other students don't think of in discussing problems and issues. He can be slightly disruptive, although not a serious management problem. John and Dario scored similarly on achievement tests in the fourth grade. Based on this information, if Mrs. Stevens's class is consistent with patterns identified by research, which of the following is most likely?
a. John is more likely to be identified as gifted than is Dario.
b. Dario is more likely to be identified as gifted than is John.
c. John and Dario are equally likely to be identified as gifted.
d. Neither John nor Dario is likely to be identified as gifted, since we have no evidence that either has taken an intelligence test.
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