What type of ventilator increases transpulmonary pressure (PL) by ...

[kaid0807]

What type of ventilator increases transpulmonary pressure (PL) by mimicking the normal mecha-nism for inspiration?
 
  a. Positive-pressure ventilation (PPV)
  b. Negative-pressure ventilation (NPV)
  c. High frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV)
  d. High frequency positive-pressure ventila-tion (HFPPV)

Question 2

Air accidentally trapped in the lungs due to mechanical ventilation is known as which of the fol-lowing?
 
  a. Plateau pressure (Pplateau)
  b. Functional residual capacity (FRC)
  c. Extrinsic positive end expiratory pressure (extrinsic PEEP)
  d. Intrinsic positive end expiratory pressure (intrinsic PEEP)

[djofnc]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Negative-pressure ventilation (NPV) attempts to mimic the function of the respiratory muscles to allow breathing through normal physiological mechanisms. Positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) pushes air into the lungs by increasing the alveolar pressure. High frequency oscillatory ventila-tion (HFOV) delivers very small volumes at very high rates in a to-and-fro motion by pushing the gas in and pulling it out during exhalation. High frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV) pushes in small volumes at high respiratory rates.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
The definition of intrinsic PEEP is air that is accidentally trapped in the lung. Another name for this is auto-PEEP. Extrinsic PEEP is the positive baseline pressure that is set by the operator. Functional residual capacity (FRC) is the sum of a patient's residual volume and expiratory re-serve volume and is the amount of gas that normally remains in the lung after a quiet exhalation. The plateau pressure is the pressure measured in the lungs at no flow during an inspiratory hold maneuver.

[kaid0807]

Thank you

[djofnc]

Happy to help you