A patient receiving long-term positive-pressure ventilation ...

[DyllonKazuo]

A patient receiving long-term positive-pressure ventilation support exhibits a progressive weight gain and a reduction in the hematocrit. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this problem?
 
  a. Pulmonary hemorrhage
  b. Water retention
  c. Hypovolemia
  d. Hyponatremia

Question 2

Hyperventilation should generally be avoided during mechanical ventilatory support. Exceptions to this rule include:
 
  1. Trying to calm an agitated patient.
  2. Failure of other methods to reduce intracranial pressure.
  3. Hypokalemia causing cardiac arrhythmias.
  a. 2 and 3 only
  b. 1 and 3 only
  c. 2 only
  d. 1 and 2 only

[mceravolo]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Among critically ill patients, water retention usually is evident when rapid weight gain occurs. In addition, such patients may have a reduced hematocrit, which is also consistent with hypervole-mia due to water retention.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
Hyperventilation should be used temporarily after traumatic brain injury until other methods can be used to decrease elevated intracranial pressure.

[DyllonKazuo]

Excellent

[patma1981]

TYSM