Answer to Question 1
ANS: C
After years of studying the engineering, clinical aspects, and resources needed to train clinicians about ventilation modes, Chatburn reached four main conclusions about ventilator modes: (1) the current names for modes of ventilation are outdated and confusing, (2) confusion about names can lead to confusion about clinical application, (3) a ventilator mode classification system should be applicable to the modes available on any ventilator, and (4) all terminology proposed for ven-tilator classification needs to be clearly defined.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: D
If negative pressure is applied on exhalation, the decrease in pressure draws air out of the venti-lator circuit. An expiratory pause facilitates the measurement of auto-PEEP. An inspiratory pause facilitates the calculation of static pressure and transairway pressure. Positive end-expiratory pressure is positive pressure applied on exhalation and facilitates the improvement of oxygena-tion.