A means to remove low energy x-rays from the beam and harden the ...

[jrubin]

A means to remove low energy x-rays from the beam and harden the beam is:
 
 filtration
  aperture diaphragms
  collimator
  AEC

Question 2

In reference to the image, which of he following indicates that a proper image has been attained?
 
 the talotibial joint is open and the tuberosity is sufficiently demonstrated
  the talocalcaneal joint is not sufficiently penetrated
  the tuberosity is seen well and in profile
  the talocalcaneal joint is open and the tuberosity is sufficiently demonstrated

[popopong]

Answer to Question 1

filtration

Rationale: X-ray beams are polyenergetic. In efforts to remove the low energies from the beam that contribute to patient skin dose, filtration is necessary.

Answer to Question 2

the talocalcaneal joint is open and the tuberosity is sufficiently demonstrated

Rationale: The plantodorsal axial represents the talocalcaneal joint open. The entire calcaneus is demonstrated with sufficient density from the joint space to the tuberosity.

[jrubin]

TYSM

[xthemafja]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it