A nurse is interviewing a client about his sleep patterns. He ...

[nevelica]

A nurse is interviewing a client about his sleep patterns. He tells the nurse that he goes to bed about 11 p.m. and usually falls asleep by 11:15 p.m. The nurse identifies this time period as which of the following?
 
  A) Sleep latency
  B) Sleep architecture
  C) Sleep efficiency
  D) Slow-wave sleep

Question 2

A nursing instructor is describing the prevalence of sleep-wake disorders as being greater among individuals with mental health disorders. Which disorders would the instructor include as being associated with sleep-wake disorders? Select all that apply.
 
  A) Depression
  B) Borderline personality disorder
  C) Schizophrenia
  D) Posttraumatic stress disorder
  E) Anxiety

[al]

Answer to Question 1

Ans: A
Sleep latency is the time period measured from lights out, or bedtime, to initiation of sleep. Sleep architecture is the pattern of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement that are in approximately a 90- to 110-minute cycle. Sleep occurs in stages, and the timing of sleep is regulated by circadian rhythms. Sleep efficiency is the ratio of total sleep time to time in bed. Slow-wave sleep is the deepest state of sleep, occurring during stages 3 and 4 of NREM sleep.

Answer to Question 2

Ans: A, D
Sleep-wake disorders occur independent of a diagnosis of other mental disorders, but they also occur in people with mental disorders. For example, a core feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is sleep disturbance. Insomnia often increases the risk for relapse of the mental disorder. Documented comorbid conditions include cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory disorders, digestive disorders, pain conditions, and mental disorders including depression, PTSD, and other sleep disorders such as sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome. Obstructive sleep apnea is not associated with borderline personality disorder or schizophrenia.