An older adult patient takes multiple medications daily. Over 2 ...

[neverstopbelieb]

An older adult patient takes multiple medications daily. Over 2 days, the patient developed confusion, slurred speech, an unsteady gait, and fluctuating levels of orientation. These findings are most characteristic of:
 
  a. delirium.
  b. dementia.
  c. amnestic syndrome.
  d. Alzheimer's disease.

Question 2

A patient took a large quantity of bath salts. Priority nursing and medical measures include: (select all that apply)
 
  a. administration of naloxone (Narcan).
  b. vitamin B12 and folate supplements.
  c. restoring nutritional integrity.
  d. management of heart rate.
  e. environmental safety.

[Sarahjh]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Delirium is characterized by an abrupt onset of fluctuating levels of awareness, clouded consciousness, perceptual disturbances, and disturbed memory and orientation. The onset of dementia or Alzheimer's disease, a type of dementia, is more insidious. Amnestic syndrome involves memory impairment without other cognitive problems.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D, E
Care of patients who have taken bath salts is similar to those who have used other stimulants. Tachycardia and chest pain are common when a patient has used bath salts. These problems are life-threatening and take priority. Patients who have used these substances commonly have bizarre behavior and/or paranoia; therefore, safety is a priority concern. Nutrition is not a priority in an overdose situation. Vitamin replacements and naloxone apply to other drugs of abuse.