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Increased intake of vitamin D has been shown to reduce fractures up to 25% in older people.
Opium has influenced much of the world's most popular literature. The following authors were all opium users, of varying degrees: Lewis Carroll, Charles, Dickens, Arthur Conan Doyle, and Oscar Wilde.
Hippocrates noted that blood separates into four differently colored liquids when removed from the body and examined: a pure red liquid mixed with white liquid material with a yellow-colored froth at the top and a black substance that settles underneath; he named these the four humors (for blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile).
Most childhood vaccines are 90–99% effective in preventing disease. Side effects are rarely serious.
Illicit drug use costs the United States approximately $181 billion every year.