Answer to Question 1
The three main production phases currently used by most producers in the U.S. are:
1 . Breeding/gestation/farrowing
2 . Nursery
3 . Finishing
Answer to Question 2
The disadvantages of confinement systems include:
1 . A large capital outlay is required to start up a system.
2 . Once the system of buildings is constructed, there is little short-term flexibility to change the size of the system if market situations warrant such a change.
3 . Confinement buildings generally have high energy requirements and a need for alternate/backup energy sources in case of power failure.
4 . Because a high degree of mechanization is involved, periodic maintenance and replacement of equipment is necessary.
5 . Sufficient land must be available to dispose of the large amounts of manure that are produced by the system.
Experimental evidence of the effect of allelochemicals on plant production.
Diversity in the United States
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