Answer to Question 1
A
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A A patient with unilateral lung disease (pneumothorax, atelectasis, pneumonia, thoracotomy, etc., affecting one lung) should be positioned with the unaffected (good) lung down; this promotes better perfusion of the healthy lung, improving oxygenation.
B A patient with unilateral lung disease should be positioned with the unaffected lung down, not on the affected side.
C A patient with unilateral lung disease should be positioned with the unaffected lung down, not on either side.
D A patient with unilateral lung disease should be positioned with the unaffected lung down, not in a supine position.
Answer to Question 2
A
The MMSE is a formal diagnostic tool that is used to assess a patient's level of cognitive functioning. Asking the patient orientation questions evaluates only the patient's orientation to self and surroundings, not abstract reasoning or critical thinking ability. Family members are not the most reliable source of information about the patient, although information received from the family should be considered. Reading a paper is not a means of comprehensive assessment; in addition, a patient may be high cognitive functioning and not know how to read English.
Mechanical ventilation. The photograph shows a patient receiving breathing assistance by the use of
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