Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
Radioactive iodine (RAI) is indicated for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. It is given as an oral preparation, usually as a single dose on an outpatient basis. The radioactive iodine makes its way to the thyroid gland where it destroys some of the cells that produce thyroid hormone. The RAI is completely eliminated from the body after about 4 weeks. The extent of thyroid cell destruction is variable, thus the patient has ongoing monitoring of thyroid function. If thyroid production remains too high a second dose may be needed. The goal of this procedure is to destroy thyroid hormone producing cells; additional thyroid hormone is not prescribed.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: C
As the name suggests, SIADH is a condition in which antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted despite normal or low plasma osmolarity, resulting in water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. In response to increased plasma volume, aldosterone secretion increases and further contributes to sodium loss. Hyponatremia frequently manifests with changes in level of consciousness from confusion to coma. A large number of clinical conditions can cause SIADH including malignancies, pulmonary disorders, injury to the brain, and certain pharmacologic agents. Malignancies often lead to SIADH versus SIADH causing malignant conditions. Water intoxication can lead to hyponatremia, therefore water intake is restricted. The most affected electrolyte from SIADH is sodium versus potassium.
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Cretinism can result in a child born to a mother who was iodine deficient during early pregnancy