Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
Multiple factors influence a patient's susceptibility to infection. Patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis are also more susceptible to infection because of general debilitation and nutritional impairment. Other factors include age, nutritional status, trauma, and smoking. The other questions are part of an admission assessment process but are not pertinent to the infectious disease process.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: D
The single most important thing that individuals can do to prevent the spread of infection is to wash their hands before and after eating, going to the bathroom, changing a diaper, and wiping a nose and between touching each individual child. It is important for preschool children to have a nutritious diet; a healthy individual can fight infection more effectively. A health care provider, along with the parent, makes decisions about dietary supplements. Cleaning the toys can decrease the number of pathogens but is not the most important thing to do in this scenario.