Answer to Question 1
ANS: D
The Braden scale is composed of six subscales: sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction and shear. The total score ranges from 6 to 23, and a lower total score indicates a higher risk for pressure ulcer development. The cutoff score for onset of pressure ulcer risk with the Braden scale in the general adult population is 18. The best sign is a perfect score of 23.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A, B, C, D
A registered dietitian is useful in working with the nurse to determine a meal plan that will support wound healing. An enterostomal or wound care nurse specializes in caring for the needs of the patient with wounds. Physical therapy is concerned about the mobility of the patient and can assist an immobile patient to progress toward mobility and decrease the risk for pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers take a long time to heal and usually require continued therapy in the home. Case management personnel are useful in obtaining care for the patient outside the home. If the patient has a spiritual need, the chaplain can assist. If the patient has a need associated with medications, the pharmacist can assist. However, chaplains and pharmacists usually are not part of the wound care multidisciplinary team, unless a special need arises.
Comparison of the level of skin damage as a result of the three different degrees of burns.
Lung cancer. Photograph of part of a lung removed after death. The yellow area is a large tumor and
Patient teaching: female breast assessment
Preparing the Patient’s Skin for Surgical Procedures
Chest X-ray of a patient with emphysema.
Layers and Major Structures of the Skin