Answer to Question 1
ANS: A, B, C, D
Objective data, also referred to as signs, can be measured or observed. The nurse's senses of sight, hearing, touch, and smell are used to collect objective data. Objective assessment data are acquired through observation, physical examination, and analysis of laboratory and diagnostic test results. Subjective data are spoken information or symptoms that cannot be authenticated. Subjective data usually are gathered during the interview process if patients are well enough to describe their symptoms.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A
Nursing diagnosis is the second step of the nursing process. Formulation of nursing diagnoses follows patient data collection and involves the analysis and clustering of related assessment information. Actual nursing diagnoses identify existing problems or concerns of a patient. Risk nursing diagnoses apply when there is an increased potential or vulnerability for a patient to develop a problem or complication. Health-promotion nursing diagnoses are used in situations in which patients express interest in improving their health status through a positive change in behavior. The analysis of information is required to determine nursing diagnoses.
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