This topic contains a solution. Click here to go to the answer

Author Question: The nurse is preparing to administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet. With regard to the ... (Read 103 times)

futuristic

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 638
The nurse is preparing to administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet. With regard to the first-pass effect, the nurse understands that:
 
  1. The first-pass effect will decrease the drug's effectiveness by one-third.
  2. Drugs given sublingually are subject to the first-pass effect.
  3. The first-pass effect will neutralize this drug's effect.
  4. Drugs given sublingually bypass the first-pass effect.

Question 2

Because of the first-pass effect, clients may require:
 
  1. a larger dose of oral medication than of intravenous medication.
  2. a smaller dose of oral medication than of rectal medication.
  3. a smaller dose of oral medication than of intravenous medication.
  4. the same oral and intravenous dosage of a medication.



Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
Marked as best answer by a Subject Expert

guyanai

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 349
Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Drugs given by the buccal, sublingual, or rectal routes bypass the first-pass effect of the liver.
Rationale 2: Drugs given by the buccal, sublingual, or rectal routes bypass the first-pass effect of the liver because the venous supply of the head and lower rectum is not part of the hepatic portal system.
Rationale 3: Drugs given by the buccal, sublingual, or rectal routes bypass the first-pass effect of the liver.
Rationale 4: Drugs given by the buccal, sublingual, or rectal routes bypass the first-pass effect of the liver because the venous supply of the head and lower rectum is not part of the hepatic portal system.
Global Rationale: The venous systems serving the head and the lower rectum are not parts of the hepatic portal system. Thus, drugs that are given by the buccal, sublingual, or rectal routes bypass the first-pass effect of the liver.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: In order for medication to be available, it must first pass through the liver, where it is broken down into active and inactive molecules. Medications given by the oral route are subject to this first-pass effect; thus, oral doses must be larger than parenteral doses of the same medication.
Rationale 2: Oral and rectal dosages are typically the same.
Rationale 3: The oral dose would not typically be smaller than the intravenous dose.
Rationale 4: The oral and intravenous doses are not typically the same.
Global Rationale: In order for medication to be available, it must first pass through the liver, where it is broken down into active and inactive molecules. Medications given by the oral route are subject to this first-pass effect; thus, oral doses must be larger than parenteral doses of the same medication. Rectal medications doses are similarly affected, so doses would be the same. The oral dose would not typically be smaller than the intravenous dose. Although a drug will still eventually reach the liver by the IV route, it will have an opportunity to also reach its target tissue.




guyanai

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 349

 

Did you know?

Approximately 15–25% of recognized pregnancies end in miscarriage. However, many miscarriages often occur before a woman even knows she is pregnant.

Did you know?

Cutaneous mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection that has been fatal in at least 29% of cases, and in as many as 83% of cases, depending on the patient's health prior to infection. It has occurred often after natural disasters such as tornados, and early treatment is essential.

Did you know?

The use of salicylates dates back 2,500 years to Hippocrates's recommendation of willow bark (from which a salicylate is derived) as an aid to the pains of childbirth. However, overdosage of salicylates can harm body fluids, electrolytes, the CNS, the GI tract, the ears, the lungs, the blood, the liver, and the kidneys and cause coma or death.

Did you know?

Hippocrates noted that blood separates into four differently colored liquids when removed from the body and examined: a pure red liquid mixed with white liquid material with a yellow-colored froth at the top and a black substance that settles underneath; he named these the four humors (for blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile).

Did you know?

Women are 50% to 75% more likely than men to experience an adverse drug reaction.

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library