Answer to Question 1
B
Patients taking oral contraceptives along with phenobarbital, which is used to treat seizures, will have lower levels of the contraceptive, because phenobarbital is an inducing agent, which causes an increase in the metabolism of oral contraceptives. Grapefruit juice inhibits the metabolism of some drugs, leading to toxic effects. Dairy products interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines, because the calcium binds with the drug to form an insoluble complex. Laxatives reduce the ab-sorption of some drugs by speeding up the transit time through the gut.
Answer to Question 2
C
Isoflurane is a respiratory irritant with an unpleasant odor and can cause cough and breath-holding. Propofol is given for induction and then isoflurane is administered. Isoflurane causes respiratory depression, and mechanical ventilator support and enrichment of the gas mix-ture with oxygen are used. Postoperative nausea and vomiting may occur but are less likely than with other inhalation anesthetics. Isoflurane has a low degree of skeletal muscle relaxation, re-quiring the addition of another neuromuscular blocking agent.
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