Author Question: The nurse, caring for a patient experiencing stress, knows that activation of the stress reaction ... (Read 127 times)

ashley · **on:** Jul 23, 2018

The nurse, caring for a patient experiencing stress, knows that activation of the stress reaction will cause the release of what?

A) Glucose
B) Aldosterone
C) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
D) Oxytocin

Question 2

What substances move freely in and out of a cell by diffusion?

A) Electrolytes
B) Enzymes
C) Hormones
D) Proteins

Bison · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 23, 2018

Answer to Question 1

C
Feedback:
Activation of the stress reaction through the sympathetic nervous system bypasses the usual diurnal rhythm and causes release of ACTH and secretion of the adrenocortical hormonesan important aspect of the stress (fight-or-flight) response. Glucose will eventually be released to supply energy, but first ACTH and adrenocortical hormones must stimulate this response. Aldosterone can be released without ACTH stimulation when the blood surrounding the adrenal gland is high in potassium. This is a direct stimulus for aldosterone release. Oxytocin is released to promote the let-down reflex in the lactating woman and to stimulate uterine contractions but is not involved in the stress response.

Answer to Question 2

A
Feedback:
Sodium, potassium, calcium, carbonate, oxygen, bicarbonate, and water move freely in and out of cells. These substances move through channels or pores in the cell membrane through movement from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Hormones, enzymes, and proteins are considered carriers. If a substance cannot move freely on its own, it may attach itself to another carrier to be diffused.