What needs to happen to the proteindrug complex for the drugs to ...

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What needs to happen to the proteindrug complex for the drugs to reach the cells where the drug can act?
 
  A) The proteindrug complex must break itself into smaller pieces to enter the capillaries.
  B) The binding site on the protein picks up a chemical to make it soluble in the serum.
  C) The drug must break away from the protein-binding site and float freely.
  D) The drug must be dissolved in the plasma so it can enter the capillaries and then the tissues.

Question 2

The patient is taking low dose aspirin daily for his heart. The nurse knows only a portion of the medication taken actually reaches the tissue due to what process?
 
  A) Distribution
  B) First-pass effect
  C) Reduced absorption
  D) Gastrointestinal circulation

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Answer to Question 1

C
Feedback:
Most drugs are bound, to some extent, to proteins in the blood to be carried into circulation. The proteindrug complex is relatively large and cannot enter into capillaries and then into tissues to react. The drug must be freed from the protein's binding site at the tissues. This occurs without the introduction of another chemical or by dissolving in it plasma.

Answer to Question 2

B
Feedback:
Drugs that are taken orally are usually absorbed from the small intestine directly into the portal venous system and then delivers these absorbed molecules into the liver, which immediately break the drug into metabolites, some of which are active and cause effects in the body, and some of which are deactivated and can be readily excreted from the body. As a result, a large percentage of the oral dose is destroyed at this point and never reaches the tissues. This process is not caused by distribution, absorption, or gastrointestinal circulation.

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