Answer to Question 1
A
An elixir is a solution in which the drug molecules are dissolved and evenly distributed. Most oral drugs in soluble solutions are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and the fact that the drug is evenly distributed helps to ensure that each dose will have equal amounts of the drug. Rectal suppositories generally should be avoided for drug administration, primarily because children may not retain the dosage form long enough to receive the entire dose. Drugs that are lipid soluble may not distribute well in infants. Drugs may pass quickly through the gastrointestinal tract in infants, making sustained-release preparations less well absorbed.
Answer to Question 2
C
Children have the potential for increased absorption through the skin because their skin is thinner and more sensitive, increasing their risk for drug toxicity. Topical medications have enhanced side effects in children. Topical medications are readily absorbed by children. Applying topical medications liberally over a large surface area would increase the risk of toxicity.
A cyanotic infant. Note the bluish tinge to the skin around the lips, chin, and nose
Measurement lenght of infant
To clear an obstructed airway in an infant (A) use chest thrusts followed by (B) back blows.
Infant with spina bifida
Medication Given via the Sublingual Route
At 19 months, Merr would clearly pass the 17-month item on the Bayley Scales