Answer to Question 1
The psychrometric chart is a graphical representation of air properties.
Answer to Question 2
Compressor Data: suction pressure, suction temperature, discharge pressure, discharge temperature, amp draw
Condenser Data: temperature of air or water in, temperature of air or water out, condenser flow in CFM or GPM, liquid line temperature Evaporator Data (Including Metering Device): entering air wet bulb temperature