Author Question: How and when did supermassive black holes form? What will be an ideal ... (Read 90 times)

dmcintosh · **on:** Jul 27, 2018

How and when did supermassive black holes form?

What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

The upper chromosphere is hot enough to emit X-rays.

a. True
b. False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false

zoeyesther · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 27, 2018

Answer to Question 1

The mass of a central black hole is related to the mass of the galaxy's central bulge. This implies that the central black holes formed as the central bulge formed, not later during the disk formation phase.

Galactic central bulges were formed in the first stages of galaxy formation, very early in the Universe. As clouds of gas began forming stars and falling together to form the nucleus of galaxies, supermassive black holes began to form and grow. As matter flooded into these black holes, powerful outbursts of energy erupted.

This is supported by the occurrence of quasars. Quasars are most common during the formation phase of galaxies. Very few quasars are seen at older epochs, because there was no galaxy formation to create the energy outbursts, and supermassive black holes were not yet established.

Answer to Question 2

True