According to the research on the classic selection task (involving the cards that contain a letter and a number),
a. accuracy often depends on factors such as the concreteness and familiarity of the problem.
b. performance is better when people use top-down processing.
c. surprisingly, people perform better when the task is abstract than when it is concrete.
d. people prefer to use syllogisms, rather than conditional reasoning.
Question 2
According to the discussion of the confirmation bias in deductive reasoning,
a. the confirmation bias slightly increases the accuracy of answers for novices.
b. the confirmation bias typically occurs when people rely too strongly on the crystal-ball technique.
c. the confirmation bias means that people prefer to demonstrate that a hypothesis is true, rather than to demonstrate that it is false.
d. typically only about 10 of college students tend to show the confirmation bias.
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