Answer to Question 1
ANSWER: Prewriting (the writer gathers ideas); drafting (the writer records ideas and develops
a first version of the final product); revising (the writer refines, makes changes,
additions, deletions, etc.); sharing with an audience (the writer shares the finished
product with someone else).
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER: In instruction that focuses on the finished product of writing, the teacher judges the
written product on the basis of expectations of perfection. In instruction that focuses on
the writing process, the emphasis is on the entire process of writing, including thinking,
selecting, organizing, and revising.