In a nonequivalent control-group design, if the experimental and control groups are NOT equivalent at pretest and both groups change in the same manner (e.g., both groups increase an equal amount on the measure), you might conclude that
A) the manipulation of the independent variable affected both groups.
B) the effect was due to selection.
C) a maturation process or historical event common to the two groups caused the change in scores.
D) Both A and B
Question 2
In a nonequivalent control-group design, if neither the experimental nor the control group change over time, you might conclude that
A) there is an effect of the independent variable.
B) the manipulation of the independent variable had no effect.
C) the groups were not equivalent at pretest.
D) the effect is due to regression to the mean.
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